5 year Roth IRA Conversion Rules

I have a question regarding the 5 year Roth IRA conversion rules.

I have had both a traditional IRA and a Roth IRA for well over a decade. I am retired and 62 years old. Over the past several years I have moved money from my 401k (as a direct rollover) into my traditional IRA, then did a Roth IRA conversion (a direct conversion). I will continue these Roth IRA conversions for several more years. I paid taxes on the Roth conversions and have saved documentation of the conversion transactions each year.

My understanding is I have satisfied the various 5 year rules and would not be required to pay any tax or penalties on the converted dollars nor the earnings on the conversions if I made a full distribution from my Roth IRA.

If I would die, my Roth IRA passes to my kids as the beneficiaries. My question – since my most recent Roth IRA conversion may have occurred in the year before my death, would my non spouse beneficiaries have any 5 year rules they must satisfy or could they take tax free and penalty free distributions immediately? I am trying to make sure I have maintained the necessary documentation for their future needs.

Thanks for you guidance



  • Because your Roth IRA is already qualified, all your distributions are tax and penalty free. You do not have to report them on Form 8606 and they only need to be entered on line 4 of Form 1040. Likewise, since your Roth was established more than 5 years from your earliest possible DOD, all your beneficiaries will inherit a completely tax free Roth IRA. As for documentation, you only need one document such as a statement or Form 5498 reporting a contribution over 5 years ago. That is all you need.
  • The only remaining issue based on the bills being floated in Congress is what stretch provisions can be applied to your non spouse beneficiaries. These bills aim to limit the stretch in certain cases, but the bills vary considerably in the details. I would stay tuned to whatever version is signed into law.

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